- Lowest supervised speed within movement authority: only useful for Limited Supervision mode, it shows a speed limit.
- Time to Indication: the one you quote from the SRS. It's formed by a white square that increases in size over a grey background. When the driver (or maybe trackside) determines that there are bad adhesion conditions, depending on the national values stored on board (A_NVMAXREDADH variables), three different actions can be taken: 1) limit the maximum deceleration used for speed curves, 2) show target distance and speed even in ceiling speed monitor and/or 3) show the time to indication. With the default national values only the deceleration is reduced, and the TTI and target information aren't shown. Therefore it's not common to see it.
- Time to Permitted: it's not defined by the ETCS standard AFAIK, but some manufacturers (e.g. ALSTOM) have implemented it. I don't know the technical name for this object, but it's the yellow/orange/red square that tells the driver that he's getting closer to the permitted supervision limit. It is shown while the ETCS is in target speed monitoring.
WRT the gradient, it's a bug that has been inherited from the C++ DMI. I messed up the colors and didn't noticed it. As soon as I finish the text message area I'll upload a version with the fix.